q17-appearance-sources-claims

{
 "packet_id": "ip:q17-appearance-sources-claims",
 "schema_version": 2,
 "artifact_type": "argument_fabric_claim_packet",
 "source": {
  "source_id": "web_scholarly:q17-appearance-sources",
  "title": "Appearance-within-consciousness source material: Kastrup's analytic idealism and related idealist philosophy of mind",
  "author": "Hermes research pass (arxiv, pubmed, web search)",
  "external_sources": [
   {
    "source_id": "doi:10.2478/disp-2017-0025",
    "title": "An Ontological Solution to the Mind-Body Problem",
    "author": "Bernardo Kastrup",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.2478/disp-2017-0025",
    "source_quality": "peer_reviewed_philosophy"
   },
   {
    "source_id": "doi:10.3390/philosophies2020010",
    "title": "Self-Transcendence Correlates with Brain Function Impairment: Implications for Consciousness",
    "author": "Bernardo Kastrup",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies2020010",
    "source_quality": "peer_reviewed_philosophy"
   },
   {
    "source_id": "jcs:2018-universe-in-consciousness",
    "title": "The Universe in Consciousness",
    "author": "Bernardo Kastrup",
    "url": "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/imp/jcs/2018/00000025/f0020005/art00006",
    "source_quality": "peer_reviewed_consciousness_studies"
   },
   {
    "source_id": "doi:10.31249/metod/2020.10.06",
    "title": "Analytic Idealism: A Consciousness-Only Ontology",
    "author": "Bernardo Kastrup",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.31249/metod/2020.10.06",
    "source_quality": "peer_reviewed_philosophy"
   },
   {
    "source_id": "philpapers:ALBPIA-4",
    "title": "Perennial Idealism: A Mystical Solution to the Mind-Body Problem",
    "author": "Miri Albahari",
    "url": "https://philpapers.org/rec/ALBPIA-4",
    "source_quality": "preprint"
   }
  ],
  "tradition_scope": "analytic_idealism"
 },
 "target_question_id": "q:brain-if-consciousness-fundamental",
 "extracted_by": "hermes",
 "extracted_at": "2026-07-27",
 "status": "hermes_proposed",
 "claims": [
  {
   "claim_id": "cl:kastrup-disputatio-idealism-refutes-production",
   "source_type": "peer_reviewed_philosophy",
   "source_id": "doi:10.2478/disp-2017-0025",
   "source_span": {
    "locator": "Disputatio 9(47), 2017 — entire essay",
    "quote": "The ontology of idealism... entails that all physical structures are circumscribed by consciousness in that they exist solely as phenomenality in the first place."
   },
   "claim_text": "Physical structures do not circumscribe or produce consciousness; rather, all physical structures are circumscribed by consciousness, existing solely as phenomenality. The dependency of phenomenal experience on brain function does not refute idealism because the brain itself is an appearance within consciousness. Neural correlates of consciousness are correlates of dissociative processes within universal consciousness, not evidence that the brain produces consciousness.",
   "targets": [
    {
     "target_id": "cand:brain-as-appearance-only",
     "target_type": "candidate_explanation"
    }
   ],
   "tradition_scope": "analytic_idealism",
   "paradigm": "analytic_idealism",
   "evidence_dimension": "textual",
   "pramana": "sabda",
   "nn_expr": "virodha(brain_produces_consciousness,appearance_within_consciousness)",
   "hetu": "Idealism is commonly refuted by the dependency of phenomenal experience on brain function, but this objection fails if the brain itself is circumscribed by consciousness — the brain is an appearance within consciousness, not its cause.",
   "sadhya": "Idealism is a plausible ontology despite apparently contrary empirical observations about brain-dependence; NCCs do not entail production.",
   "vyapti_statement": "If physical structures exist solely as phenomenality within consciousness, then the brain's correlation with experience does not imply that the brain produces consciousness — the brain is the extrinsic appearance of a dissociative process within consciousness.",
   "vyapti_confidence": 0.7,